"Pycnogenol" originally denoted all proanthocyanidin extracts, regardless of source. However, it now refers specifically to maritime pine bark. The mixture of proanthocyanidins in pine bark supports vascular endothelial integrity by stabilizing collagenous membranes. It also promotes vascular function by modulating nitric oxide levels. In addition to facilitating vitamin C regeneration and preserving vitamin E, Pycnogenol is a hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenger. Collectively, these actions promote the health of blood vessels.‡
